The IEEE Posix 1003.1 systems services interface standard has completed the final working group review and been sent out to ballot in the IEEE as well as the International Standards Organisation. The Posix working group anticipates that the balloting process should be completed by the IEEE by next March and that it will join the list of IEEE standards by the end of that month. The balloting process in the ISO takes longer but a standard appoval is expected the middle of 1988. As soon as the 1003.1 standard is approved, 1003.3 – test methods for Posix verification software – will go into the balloting process. Simultaneously the European Economic Community is setting up a uniform conformance testing system based around standards and plans to expand into Unix. Invariably ISO standards are used so it seems likely that 1003.3 will be picked up by the EEC when ratified late next year. The Posix committee adds that the shells and tools standard is about a year away and there are about three well formed proposals for real time extensions, but none are expected to emerge as standards until late in 1989.