The Ministry of Communications of the Russian Federation has adopted a policy it calls ‘The Conception for the Development of Mobile Communications in Russia til 2010’. Russia began building mobile telecommunications networks in the early 1960s, mainly for governmental use. Now the constantly increasing demand for cellular communications has driven the Ministry to create public mobile networks across all of the country. First plans are to create multiple federal networks running under the state standards. Under the programme, the federal networks should offer local, inter-city and international communications, automatic roaming, be compatible with the Western networks, and cover most of the Russian regions. All of these conditions are satisfied by Groupe Speciale Mobile networks, accepted as the federal standard. However, the existing limitations on the use of frequencies needed by this standard do not allow it in all of Russia. So, the Ministry has decided simultaneously to build the second federal network operating under NMT-450N. The creation of the federal networks will take place in two stages – from 1994 to 2000 will be the creation of the NMT-450N federal network plus some segments of the federal Groupe Speciale system and between 2001 to 2010 the GSM network will be completed.
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